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Pope Gregory IX ((ラテン語:Gregorius IX); 1145 – 22 August 1241), born Ugolino di Conti, was Pope from 19 March 1227 to his death in 1241. He is known for issuing the ''Decretales'' and instituting the Papal Inquisition, a mechanism that severely punished people accused of heresy, in response to the failures of the episcopal inquisitions established during the time of Pope Lucius III through his papal bull ''Ad abolendam'' issued in 1184. The successor of Pope Honorius III, he fully inherited the traditions of Pope Gregory VII and of his cousin Pope Innocent III, and zealously continued their policy of Papal supremacy. ==Early life== Ugolino (Hugh) was born in Anagni. The date of his birth varies in sources between ca. 1145. and 1170. He received his education at the Universities of Paris and Bologna. He was created Cardinal-Deacon of the church of Sant'Eustachio by his cousin〔Werner Maleczek, ''Papst und Kardinalskolleg von 1191 bis 1216'', (Vienna: Verlag der Oesterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1984), 126–133.〕 Innocent III in December 1198. In 1206 he was promoted to the rank of Cardinal Bishop of Ostia e Velletri. He became Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals in 1218 or 1219. Upon the special request of Saint Francis, in 1220, Pope Honorius III appointed him Cardinal Protector of the order of the Franciscans.in 1220. As Cardinal Bishop of Ostia he cultivated a wide range of acquaintances, among them Queen of England at that time, Isabella of Angoulême.〔David Abulafia, ''Frederick II: a Medieval Emperor'' 1992. 480 pages. Oxford University Press, USA (1 November 1992) ISBN 0-19-508040-8〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pope Gregory IX」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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